Individualized Dosing Treatment Plans for Adult Patients (Compounding) Live
Target Audience: Physicians, Physician Assistants, Pharmacists, Pharmacy Technicians
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Course Overview
Not all adult patients metabolize, tolerate, or respond to medications in the same ways, yet prescribing often relies on standardized doses, dosage forms, and schedules. Individualized dosing, including adjustments to the drug, dose, route, frequency, or formulation tailored to the patient, is an important component of patient-centered care and shared decision-making. With polypharmacy increasingly common in adults, particularly older adults, ensuring medication regimens align with patient-specific needs has become a routine part of clinical practice. This continuing education activity provides members of the healthcare team, including physicians, physician assistants, pharmacists, and pharmacy technicians, with a practical, interprofessional approach to developing individualized treatment plans for adult patients. Learners will review clinical and patient-specific factors that influence medication selection and dosing, including age, renal and hepatic function, pharmacogenomics, concurrent medications, adherence patterns, and patient goals of care. They will also examine approaches to dose titration, tapering, deprescribing, and review dosage-form modification, therapeutic substitution, and monitoring in adult patients with complex medication needs. Finally, this activity addresses shared decision-making, interprofessional communication and collaboration, and documentation strategies that support safe implementation and follow-up of individualized treatment plans.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this educational activity, participants should be able to:
- Identify patient-specific factors that influence individualized medication dosing in adult patients.
- Describe the role of shared decision-making in developing patient-centered treatment plans.
- Review strategies for individualizing therapy, including dose adjustment, dosage-form modification, and deprescribing.
- Recognize the role of interprofessional communication and documentation in safe medication management.
Faculty
I. Introduction
II. Patient-Specific Factors That Drive Dosing
A. Age and Frailty
B. Renal Function
C. Hepatic Function
D. Weight and Body Composition
E. Pharmacogenomics
F. Drug-Drug, Drug-Food, and Drug-Disease Interactions
G. Patient Goals, Values, and Preferences
III. Shared Decision-Making in Dosing
A. Narrow Versus Broader Understandings
B. A Practical Three-Talk Model
C. SDM as a Method of Care
D. Communicating Tradeoffs
E. Documenting the Shared Decision
IV. Building the Individualized Treatment Plan
A. Titration Schedules Patients Can Follow
B. Monitoring
C. Tapering and Discontinuation
D. Deprescribing in Older Adults
E. Switch Versus Adjust
V. When the Commercial Product Does Not Fit: Dosage-Form and Route Adjustments
A. Dysphagia and the Crushability Question
B. Alternative Routes
C. Therapeutic Substitution
D. Compounded Preparations as One Tool in Individualized Dosing
E. When Compounding Is Appropriate
F. Regulatory Framework
G. Current USP Standards
H. Documenting Medical Necessity
I. Counseling on Compounded Products
J. Interprofessional Communication and Documentation
K. Prescriber to Pharmacy
L. Pharmacy to Prescriber
M. The Pharmacy Technician Role
N. Closing the Loop with the Patient
VI. Case Discussions
Older Adult With Polypharmacy and Declining Renal Function
VII. Summary
Participants are required to:
- Read the learning objectives and faculty disclosures
- Attend and participate in the live webinar
- Complete an evaluation
Note: RxCe.com uses GoToWebinar to present live webinars. You must attend the full presentation to receive credit. Telephone attendance is not available.
Faculty Planner Disclosure
The following individuals were involved in planning, developing, and/or authoring this activity: L. Austin Fredrickson, MD, FACP; Liz Fredrickson, PharmD, BCPS; and Pamela Sardo, PharmD, BS. None of the individuals involved in developing this activity has a conflict of interest or financial relationships related to the subject matter. There are no financial relationships or commercial or financial support relevant to this activity to report or disclose by RxCe.com or any of the individuals involved in the development of this activity.
Unlabeled Use Disclosure
The information provided in this course is general in nature, and it is designed solely to provide participants with continuing education credit(s). This course and materials are not meant to substitute for the independent, professional judgment of any participant regarding that participant’s professional practice, including but not limited to patient assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and/or health management. Medical and pharmacy practices, rules, and laws vary from state to state, and this course does not cover the laws of each state; therefore, participants must consult the laws of their state as they relate to their professional practice. Healthcare professionals must consult their employer, healthcare facility, hospital, or other organization for guidelines, protocols, and procedures to follow. The information provided in this course does not replace those guidelines, protocols, and procedures, but is for academic purposes only, and this course’s limited purpose is for the completion of continuing education credits. Participants are advised and acknowledge that information related to medications, their administration, dosing, contraindications, adverse reactions, interactions, warnings, precautions, or accepted uses is constantly changing. Any person taking this course understands that such a person must make an independent review of medication information before any patient assessment, diagnosis, treatment and/or health management. Any discussion of off-label use of any medication, device, or procedure is informational only, and such uses are not endorsed hereby. Nothing contained in this course represents the opinions, views, judgments, or conclusions of RxCe.com LLC. RxCe.com LLC is not liable or responsible to any person for any inaccuracy, error, or omission with respect to this course or course material.
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Accreditation
In support of improving patient care, RxCE.com is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.